Delayed coker isolation valve systems

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides more efficient, cost effective coke drum isolation valve devices and system as well as more efficient, cost effective methods for isolating the flow of matter from location to another in the delayed coker unit operation where the valve comprises a first seat; a second seat aligned with said first seat; a blind; a main body having an orifice dimensioned to align with an orifice in said line; wherein said main body is coupled to said line; an upper and lower bonnet coupled to said main body, wherein said bonnets may be removed in order to replace valve parts without separating the main body from the line; and a plate located inside a bonnet, wherein the plate comprises a planar surface that contacts a surface of the blind.

BACKGROUND

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to delayed coker unit operations. Specifically, the present invention relates to isolation valves used in the delayed coker unit operation.

2. Background

Petroleum refining operations in which crude oil is processed frequently produce residual oils that have very little value. The value of residual oils can be increased when processed in a delayed coker unit (“DCU”). Residual oil, when processed in a delayed coker is heated in a furnace to a temperature sufficient to cause destructive distillation in which a substantial portion of the residual oil is converted, or “cracked” to usable hydrocarbon products and the remainder yields a residual petroleum by-product called “coke,” a material composed mostly of carbon. A large vessel hereafter called a “coke drum” is provided at the furnace outlet to allow sufficient residence time for the hydrocarbons to complete destructive distillation reaction.

The production of coke is a batch process. Each delayed coker unit module vessel usually contains more than one coking drums, and a fractionation tower. In delayed coking, the feed material is typical residuum from vacuum distillation towers and frequently includes other heavy oils. The feed is heated as it is sent to one of the coke drums. The feed arrives at a coke drum with a temperature ranging from 870 to 910° F. Typical drum overhead pressure ranges from 15 to 35 PSIG. The oil flows directly from the furnace to a coke drum. Coker feedstock is deposited as a hot liquid slurry in a coke drum. Under these conditions, cracking proceeds and lighter fractions produced flow out of the top of the coke drum and are sent to a fractionation tower where they are separated into vaporous and liquid products. A solid, residuum called coke is also produced and remains within the drum. When a coke drum is filled, residual oil from the furnace is diverted to another coke drum. When a coke drum is filled to the desired capacity, and after feedstock is diverted to another drum, steam is typically introduced into the drum to strip hydrocarbon vapors off of the solid material. The liquid mass remaining in the coke drum cools and is quenched as a part of the process. Solid coke formed as the drum cools must be removed from the drum so that the drum can be reused. While coke is being cooled in one or more drums and while the cooled coke is being extracted from one or more drums, other drums are employed to receive the continuous production of coke feedstock as a part of the delayed coker process. The use of multiple coke drums enables the refinery to operate the fired heater and fractionating tower continuously. Drum switching frequency ranges from ten to 24 hours.

Because most delayed coker unit operations consist of several modules, each typically alternating between two coke drums in the coking/decoking sequence, each delayed coker unit must repeatedly be isolated from and reconnected to the flow of hot residuum, and must be repeatedly connected to a port that allows lighter fractions produced during cracking to escape from the vessel back to the fractionator.

Isolation valves presently used in the coking operations are typically placed in tandem, and operators utilize a double block and bleed method for ensuring the isolation of the flow of matter through a given line. The double block and bleed method is an expensive and redundant means for ensuring line isolation.

Some valves utilized in the delayed coker unit operation must be maintained for long periods in a partially open position. For example the back warming valve isolation valve in traditional decoker units is maintained in a partially open position for extended periods. As a consequence, debris or other matter may build up on the internal components of the valves which then become inoperable.

SUMMARY

The present invention provides isolation valve devices and systems for isolating the flow of matter in a line connecting one location to another in a delayed coker unit operation comprising a first seat; a second seat aligned with said first seat; a blind; a main body having an orifice dimensioned to align with an orifice in said line; wherein said main body is coupled to said line; an upper and lower bonnet coupled to said main body, wherein said bonnets may be removed in order to replace valve parts without separating the main body from the line; and a plate located inside a bonnet.

Some embodiments of the invention comprise a flange for attaching the valve to a line; a first seat; a second seat aligned with said first seat; and a blind, said blind capable of moving in a bi-directional manner within said line between said first seat and said second seat to control the opening and closing of the isolation valve.

Some embodiments of the present invention comprise: a) an isolation valve coupled to a line in the delayed coker unit operation where in said line may be an inlet resid feed line, a vapor line and/or other various lines utilized in the delayed coker unit operation to move matter from one location to another wherein the valve comprises: 1) a main body having an orifice dimension to align with the line when the isolation valve is coupled thereto; 2) a valve closure operably supported by the main body, wherein the valve closure is capable of being actuated to oscillate between an open and closed position with respect to the orifice of the isolation valve and the port of the line; 3) means for supporting the isolation valve closure; a) seat between the valve closure and the means for supporting the valve closure which contributes to the valve isolation, wherein the seat additionally functions to sheer any coke or by-product material that has accumulated near the isolation valve thus effectively cleaning the isolation valve upon actuation of the valve closure; and b) a means for actuating the valve closure; 4) an upper and lower bonnet coupled to said main body, wherein said bonnet may be removed in order to replace valve parts without separating the main body from the line; and one or more plates located inside a bonnet wherein the plate(s) comprise a planar surface that may contact one or more surfaces on the blind.

The isolation valves of the present invention produce several advantages over the prior art isolation valves. In some embodiments, for example, the isolation valves of the present invention decrease the likelihood of coking up, or oiling during the course of repetitive decoker cycles. Accordingly, in some embodiments the valves of the present invention may be operated for extended periods of time without decreased performance. The features of some of the embodiments the present invention overcome the likelihood that coke, oil or other debris will build up on the internal parts of the valve, allowing the valve of the present invention to continue to operate through repetitive DCU cycles.

Additionally, in some embodiments of the present invention one of the valves of the present invention may replace two prior art valves, obviating the need to utilize a double block and bleed system. Because the features of the present invention allow the isolation valve to be reliably used over an extended period of time without decrease in performance, the valve of the present invention may replace two isolation valves in an existing line.

Additionally, some embodiments of the present invention allow for inline serviceability. That is some embodiment of the invention allow for leaving the main body of an isolation valve inline to service, inspect, replace, and or repair various internal components of the isolation valve system.

Additionally, some embodiments of the present invention comprise performance feedback monitoring. The ability to monitor the efficiency of the one valve inline may be monitored by various performance feedback monitoring systems.

Additionally, some embodiments of the present invention provide the advantage of allowing a valve to be held in a partially open position for a substantial period during the delayed coker unit operation. For example, the back warming valve in a delayed coker unit operation is often in a partially open position. The internal shrouding mechanism of the present invention prevents the build up of coke oil or other matter inside the shroud and on the various internal components of the shroud system. Accordingly, the isolation valve of the present invention may be maintained in a partially opened position for nearly indefinite periods of time without affecting the performance of the valve system or its ability to be opened or closed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing and other objects and features of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are, therefore, not to be considered limiting of its scope, the invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates, generally, an exemplary delayed coker unit operation, wherein refinery byproducts are routed to a series of coke drums for the manufacture of coke, and wherein the system is equipped with the isolation valves of the present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary delayed coker unit operation and identifies several of the positions at which the valves of the present invention may be employed;

FIG. 3 illustrates a cutaway of some embodiments of an isolation valve of the present invention in a closed position;

FIG. 4 illustrates a cutaway of some embodiments of the isolation valve of the present invention in an open position;

FIG. 5 illustrates a close up view of the lower bonnet system wherein the valve is in an open position;

FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment of the valve wherein the valve is in a closed position particularly depicting the lower bonnet

FIGS. 7A-I illustrate an embodiment of the method of removing internal components of the valve of the present invention;

FIGS. 8A-E illustrate an embodiment of the system for removing internal elements of the valve of the present invention; and

FIGS. 9A-C illustrate an embodiment of the isolation system in open, partially open and closed positions.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

It will be readily understood that the components of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following more detailed description of the embodiments of the system, device, and method of the present invention, as represented in FIGS. 1 through 8, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of some of the embodiments of the invention.

Embodiments of the invention will be best understood by reference to the drawings wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout. Although reference to the drawings and a corresponding discussion follow below, the following more detailed description is divided into sections. The first section pertains to and sets forth a general discussion of the delayed coking process. The second section pertains to and sets forth the isolation valve system, including the variety of valves or valve-types that may be utilized in the delayed coking process, as well as the various methods for utilizing the system within a delayed coking or other similar environment. It is noted that these sections are not intended to be limiting in any way, but are simply provided as convenience to the reader.

For the purposes of the present application the term “line” shall mean a conduit through which matter flows. Cutting-water inlet line, overhead vapor line, blowdown line, module switching line, back-warming line, fractionator line, drum bypass line, heater charge pump discharge line, resid inlet line, switch manifold line, pre-heat warm up line, quench water line, steam inlet line, drain-to-pit line and/or any other type of lines through which matter, including any fluid, gas and/or solid may or does pass during delay coker operation are examples of lines contemplated by the present invention.

1. General Discussion on the Delayed Coking Process

In the typical delayed coking process, high boiling petroleum residues are fed to one or more coke drums where they are thermally cracked into light products and a solid residue - petroleum coke. The coke drums are typically large cylindrical vessels having a top head and a conical bottom portion fitted with a bottom head. The fundamental goal of coking is the thermal cracking of very high boiling point petroleum residues into lighter fuel fractions. Coke is a byproduct of the process. Delayed coking is an endothermic reaction with a furnace supplying the necessary heat to complete the coking reaction in a drum. The exact mechanism is very complex, and out of all the reactions that occur, only three distinct steps have been isolated: 1) partial vaporization and mild coking of the feed as it passes through the furnace; 2) cracking of the vapor as it passes through the coke drum; and 3) cracking and polymerization of the heavy liquid trapped in the drum until it is converted to vapor and coke. The process is extremely temperature-sensitive with the varying temperatures producing varying types of coke. For example, if the temperature is too low, the coking reaction does not proceed far enough and pitch or soft coke formation occurs. If the temperature is too high, the coke formed generally is very hard and difficult to remove from the drum with hydraulic decoking equipment. Higher temperatures also increase the risk of coking in the furnace tubes or the transfer line. As stated, delayed coking is a thermal cracking process used in petroleum refineries to upgrade and convert petroleum residuum into liquid and gas product streams leaving behind a solid concentrated carbon material, or coke. A furnace is used in the process to reach thermal cracking temperatures, which range upwards of 1,000° F. With short residence time in the furnace, coking of the feed material is thereby “delayed” until it reaches large coking drums downstream of the heater. In normal operations, there are two coke drums so that when one is being filled, the other may be purged of the manufactured coke.

In a typical petroleum refinery process, several different physical structures of petroleum coke may be produced. These are namely, shot coke, sponge coke, and/or needle coke (hereinafter collectively referred to as “coke”), and are each distinguished by their physical structures and chemical properties. These physical structures and chemical properties also serve to determine the end use of the material. Several uses are available for manufactured coke, some of which include fuel for burning, the ability to be calcined for use in the aluminum, chemical, or steel industries, or the ability to be gasified to produce steam, electricity, or gas feedstock for the petrochemicals industry.

To produce the coke, a delayed coker feed originates from the crude oil supplied to the refinery and travels through a series of process members and finally empties into one of the coke drums used to manufacture coke. A basic refinery flow diagram is presented as FIG. 1, with two coke drums shown. The delayed coking process typically comprises a batch-continuous process, which means that the process is ongoing or continuous as the feed stream coming from the furnace alternates filling between the two or more coke drums. As mentioned, while one drum is on-line filling up with coke, the other is being stripped, cooled, decoked, and prepared to receive another batch. In the past, this has proven to be an extremely time and labor intensive process, with each batch in the batch-continuous process taking approximately 12-20 hours to complete. In essence, hot oil, or “resid” as it is commonly referred to, from the tube furnace is fed into one of the coke drums in the system. The oil is extremely hot and produces hot vapors that condense on the colder walls of the coke drum. As the drum is being filled, a large amount of liquid runs down the sides of the drum into a boiling turbulent pool at the bottom. As this process continues, the hot resid and the condensing vapors cause the coke drum walls to heat. This naturally in turn, causes the resid to produce less and less of the condensing vapors, which ultimately causes the liquid at the bottom of the coke drum to start to heat up to coking temperatures. After some time, a main channel is formed in the coke drum, and as time goes on, the liquid above the accumulated coke decreases and the liquid turns to a more viscous type tar. This tar keeps trying to run back down the main channel which can coke at the top, thus causing the channel to branch. This process progresses up through the coke drum until the drum is full, wherein the liquid pools slowly turn to solid coke. When the first coke drum is full, the hot oil feed is switched to the second coke drum, and the first coke drum is isolated, steamed to remove residual hydrocarbons, cooled by filling with water, opened, and then decoked. This cyclical process is repeated over and over again throughout the manufacture of coke. The decoking process is the process used to remove the coke from the drum upon completion of the coking process. Due to the shape of the coke drum, coke accumulates in the area near and attaches to the flanges or other members used to close off the opening of the coke drum during the manufacturing process. To decoke the drum, the flanges or members must first be removed or relocated. In the case of a flanged system, once full, the coke drum is vented to atmospheric pressure and the top flange (typically a 4-foot diameter flange) is unbolted and removed to enable placement of a hydraulic coke cutting apparatus. After the cooling water is drained from the vessel, the bottom flange (typically a 7-foot-diameter flange) is unbolted and removed. This process is commonly known as “de-heading” because it removes or breaks free the head of coke that accumulates at the surface of the flange. Once the flanges are removed, the coke is removed from the drum by drilling a pilot hole from top to bottom of the coke bed using high pressure water jets. Following this, the main body of coke left in the coke drum is cut into fragments which fall out the bottom and into a collection bin, such as a bin on a rail cart, etc. The coke is then dewatered, crushed and sent to coke storage or a loading facility.

2. Present Invention Delayed Coker Unit Isolation Valve System

Although the present invention is intended to cover the use of isolation valves throughout a delayed coker unit system, or rather the isolation system of the present invention may be utilized to control the flow of matter, including any fluids, solids and/or gases, at any point in the delayed coker unit operation, one ordinarily skilled in the art will recognize that the valve as explained and described herein may also be designed and used in other environments where controlling the movement of matter, including fluids, solids and/or gases, is desirable.

The specification describes a valve system and method for isolating the flow of a substance during the delayed coking process. As the present invention is especially adapted to be used in the coking process, the following discussion will relate specifically in this manufacturing area. It is foreseeable however; that the present invention may be adapted to be an integral part of other manufacturing processes producing various elements or by-products other than coke, and such processes should thus be considered within the scope of this application. Prior to reciting the specifics of the present invention, it should be noted that the present invention system and method is designed to have or possess significant functional, utility, and safety advantages over prior related designs and systems. These should be kept in mind when reading the following detailed disclosure.

The present invention provides isolation valve devices and systems for isolating the flow of matter from one location to another through a line in a delayed coker unit operation comprising a first seat; a second seat aligned with said first seat; a blind; a main body having an orifice dimensioned to align with an orifice in said line; wherein said main body is coupled to said line; an upper and lower bonnet coupled to said main body, wherein said bonnets may be removed in order to replace valve parts without separating the main body from the line; and a plate located inside a bonnet, wherein the plate comprises a planar surface that contacts a surface of the blind.

Some embodiments of the present invention comprise: a) an isolation valve coupled to a line in the delayed coker unit operation where in said line may be an inlet resid feed line, a vapor line and/or other various lines utilized in the delayed coker unit operation to move matter from one location to another wherein the valve comprises: 1) a main body having an orifice dimension to align with the line when the isolation valve is coupled thereto; 2) a valve closure operably supported by the main body, wherein the valve closure is capable of being actuated to oscillate between an open and closed position with respect to the orifice of the isolation valve and the port of the line; 3) means for supporting the isolation valve closure; a) a contact between the valve closure and the means for supporting the valve closure which contributes to the valve isolation, wherein the contact seal additionally functions to sheer any coke or by-product material that has accumulated near the isolation valve thus effectively cleaning the isolation valve upon actuation of the valve closure; and b) a means for actuating the valve closure; 4) an upper and lower bonnet coupled to said main body, wherein said bonnet may be removed in order to replace valve parts without separating the main body from the line; and one or more plates located inside a bonnet wherein the plate(s) comprise a planar surface that may contact one or more surfaces on the blind.

The isolation valve of the present invention may be connected to any line in the delayed coker operation. Examples of some embodiments of the present invention are cutting-water isolation valve, overhead vapor isolation valve, blowdown isolation valve, module isolation valve, back-warming isolation valve, fractionator isolation valve, drum bypass isolation valve, heater charge pump discharge isolation valve, inlet isolation valve, switch manifold isolation valve, pre-heat warm up isolation valve, quench water isolation valve, steam isolation valve, and drain-to-pit isolation valve.

In some embodiments the isolation valve may be coupled to and seal against a portion of the lines of a delayed coker unit operation in much the same way a conventional isolation unit would be attached. The following discussion treats the use of isolation valves in relation to inlet resid feed lines and/or vapor lines. However, as previously noted the isolation valves of the present invention may be utilized in a substantial number of points throughout the delayed coker unit operation. Accordingly, limiting the following discussion to the use of the present invention in the resid feed lines and/or vapor lines is intended to clarify and simplify the following discussion and is not intended to limit the scope of the application of the present invention. The valves of the present invention may be utilized at all of the points in the coker unit operation previously mentioned, at many other points in coker unit operations and may be utilized as isolation valves in systems unrelated to coker unit operations.

In some embodiments the isolation valve is equipped with a valve closure that regulates the closing and opening of a line, for example the inlet resid feed line and/or the vapor lines, or regulates the opening and closing of the line, for example inlet resid feed line and/or the vapor lines and their associated throughput. When the isolation valve is in a closed position it blocks the flow of matter through the line. Thus, for example, in a closed position the isolation valve blocks the flow of residuum into the coke drum and/or blocks the movement of lighter fractions/steam/gas from entering the fractionation tower.

When the isolation valve is attached to a line and moved into an open position matter is allowed to move through the line. For example, when the isolation valve, attached to the resid feed line, is moved into an open position by an actuator, residuum is allowed to flow through the inlet feed line and begins filling a coke vessel. When the isolation valve, attached to the vapor line, is moved into an open position by an actuator the lighter fractions emitted during the cracking process including steam and gas are allowed to move out of the vessel through the vapor line and enter the fractionation tower. In some embodiments, this opening action additionally functions to sheer any coke or other debris that accumulates on the valve or near the port thus effectively allowing the isolation valve to be repetitively opened and closed and to maintain a seal. Accordingly, the valve of the present invention allows for reliable use of a valve over an extended period of time without any significant decrease in performance.

An advantage of some of the embodiments of the present invention is their ability to provide a simple yet effective isolation valve system comprising an isolation valve having a movable valve closure that oscillates and moves back and forth about a means for supporting the valve closure to isolate the flow of matter including residuum/gas/steam and/or other matter and fluids. In some embodiments of the invention the valve allows for one valve to replace two valves inline. In particular, prior art isolation systems typically utilize a double block and bleed system, which requires the use of two valves. An advantage of some of the embodiments of the present invention includes the potential of the present valve to replace two valves previously in place in any given line wherein a double block and bleed method for isolation have previously been utilized. Prior art systems typically utilized the double block and bleed systems as a means of ensuring the performance of the seal formed by the valves. Some embodiments of the present invention ensure performance by utilizing one or both of the following: a more sophisticated valve which prevents decreased performance over time; and the inclusion of performance monitoring equipment to provided feedback allowing an operator to ensure the continued seal performance at any given time. Accordingly, the process of isolating the flow of matter through a line is simplified.

Another advantage of some of the embodiments of the present isolation valve system is its ability to be utilized at various points in the delayed de-coker operation. For example, the isolation valve may be used to regulate the flow in the vapor lines extending from the top of the coke drum to the bottom of the fractionation tower, the inlet resid feed lines as well as being located at other positions through out the delayed coker unit operation. For example, the valve of the present invention may be utilized to isolate the flow of water through a line to the drain stem; to isolate the flow of gases or fluids through the blow down line attached to the overhead vapor lines. In some embodiments of the invention the isolation valve may be utilized to isolate the flow of fluid or gases through the back warming line or to act as a valve in the module isolation line. In additional embodiments of the present invention, the valve may be utilized to isolate the flow of matter through a drum bypass line, a switch manifold line, a preheat warm up line, a quench water line, a steam line, a drain-to-pit line and any other lines utilized in the delayed coker unit operation.

The valve of the present invention possess the ability to isolate gases and hot liquids particularly those utilized in the coker operations. Accordingly, in some embodiments the valves of the present invention provide the benefit of allowing for reliable, extended flow isolation without decreased performance. In some embodiments the maintenance of high performance over extended periods of time is enhanced by features of the invention including contact between the seats and blind which acts to remove any debris from the internal component of the valve system. In prior art systems the likelihood of coking up or oiling up required frequent rebuilds and therefore removal of isolation valves from a given line. Because the seats in some embodiments of the present invention contact the blind in a manner that removes debris and/or built up coke from the blind and seats of the valve of the present invention maintains high levels of performance over extended periods of time.

Additionally, in some embodiments of the present invention the main body of the valve is coupled to the upper and lower bonnets, which may be removed to replace valve parts without separating the main body from the line. Within the bonnets of some embodiments of the present invention there are plates located in opposition to one another which allow the blind to maintain surface contact with the plates. The plate/blind system located within the bonnets of the present invention prevent the escape of matter from a line into the bonnet. Accordingly, some embodiments of the invention prevent the exposure the internal elements of the valve system to matter traveling through the line. Consequently, the internal components of the present valve system remain clean and free from debris and build up.

In some embodiments the internal sealing components of the isolation valve of the present invention may be replaced by removing a top bonnet while the main body remains attached to the orifice dimension aligned to a particular line, including inlet resid feed lines and/or to the vapor line leading toward the fractionation tower. Accordingly, in some embodiments the valve parts may be replaced without removing the valve from the line.

Some embodiments of the invention utilize a means for supporting a valve closure comprising seat support systems. The seat support systems may comprise an arrangement or configuration of seats depending upon the type of valve. In some embodiments the means for supporting the valve closure comprises a seat support system, which is comprised of an upper and lower seat existing on either side of the valve closure wherein the upper seat and the lower seat may be independent from one another. The upper and lower seats may be comprised of either static or dynamic nature, such that one may be static and the other dynamic, both dynamic, or both static. Alternatively, the seat support system may be comprised of a single seat situated or disposed between the main body of the isolation valve and the valve closure. In this configuration, this single seat applies continuous force to the valve closure throughout its oscillation. The single seat may be floating or dynamic or it may be static again depending upon the type of valve and the needs of the system specification and any other contributing factors.

Some embodiments of the seat system utilize at least one dynamic live loaded seat. In these embodiments the live loaded seat is continuously loaded against the valve closure to create a biased relationship between the seat and the valve closure. In some embodiments of the present invention the floating live loaded seat is molded against the valve closure to create a balanced relationship between the seat and the valve closure. In some embodiments the live loaded seat is accomplished using one or a combination of biased members such as heavy coiled springs arranged at core centers around the perimeter of the seat ring; machine washers which create a biased relationship between the seat and valve closure; and/or externally live-loaded and sealed seat force applicators raised at quadrants around the floating seat. In some embodiments, the seat support system may be provided by utilizing machine washers capable of being exposed to hot fluids. In some of the embodiments of the present invention the means of supporting the valve closure comprises the main body itself. In this embodiment, no seats are required as structural modifications can be made to the main bodies to support the valve closure.

In some embodiments the continuously maintained contact seal comprises a sealing system that seals directly to the valve closure. This may be a point-to-point sealing system. In some embodiments the seal preferably consists of, or is a result of, metal-to-metal seating between the valve closure, and the means for supporting the valve closure such as the upper and lower seats. In some embodiments the valve closure and means for supporting the valve closure remain in contact as the valve closure oscillates between its opened and closed positions. In some embodiments the amount of force required to properly seal the valve closure and the means for supporting the valve closure is provided by a seat support system wherein one or more of the seats may be floating or dynamic seat. In some embodiments the amount of force required to properly seal the valve closure and the means for supporting the valve closure is provided by a seat support system wherein one or more of the seats may be floating or dynamic seat coupled to a seat adjustment mechanism designed to control the amount of force exerted on the valve closure through a valve seat.

Some embodiments of the isolation valve system further comprise a steamed purge system. The system utilizes pressure valves and steam purge inlet valves as well as emergency vent valves to control the pressure within the system.

Some embodiments of the isolation valves of the present invention further comprise an internal gas/liquid containment system that provides or maintains isolation of the fluid including gas within the system. The internal fluid containment system comprises the metal-to-metal contact seal described herein as well as a unique component configuration existing within the bonnets of the isolation valves.

The system of many of the embodiments of the present invention are capable of automatic and repeated line isolation without needing repair or replacement. In several embodiments of the present invention, the isolation valve may be fixed or coupled directly to the line flange. In some embodiments of the present invention, the system is designed and constructed in a way to ensure long term operation without clogging or being operationally obstructed by coke particles, oil, resid, or any other foreign matter and debris. In some embodiments of the present invention, the system is designed to be able to demonstrate, with absolute certainty, at all times and at all local and remote locations that it is positively isolating. In several embodiments of the present invention, the system is virtually maintenance free except for long term parts replacement during scheduled shutdowns. Consequently, there are virtually no maintenance costs beyond the scheduled maintenance times.

In some of the embodiments of the present invention the internal components including the seats and blind may be inspected, repaired and/or replaced without detaching the main body of the valve from the line. For example the entire valve system does not need to be removed from the line to replace any of the elements of the system.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the isolation valve and system comprises a steam purged body that utilizes regulates body temperature, and that creates a barrier against gas, fluid, and solid migration. The steam purge elements of these embodiments prevent the movement of matter into the upper and lower bonnets from the line. Accordingly, the internal components of the present invention do not become encumbered by coke or oil build up. The clean the internal components require significantly less repair and replacement. Accordingly, the valve of the present invention operates reliably for extended periods of time without decreased performance.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the system comprises a simple, hydraulic design with one hydraulic power unit and one cylinder, and one supply and one return hydraulic line. Still further, some embodiments comprise a compact hydraulic backup device to allow the valve to open or close even when the primary actuation device has failed.

Some embodiments of the present invention comprise a simple redundant hydraulic design as described above. Some embodiments of the system also comprise one major moving part instead of multiple moving parts as found on existing devices and systems. This significantly increases the ease of operation, as well as the durability of the system because there is less that can go wrong or less moving parts that can malfunction. Moreover, the isolation and containment of the residuum, gases, steam and/or other materials provide a clean operating atmosphere that contributes to the durability and robust nature of the system.

Some embodiments of the present invention are mechanically suited to oscillate under conditions where valve gate is maintained in a partially opened position. For example, in a delayed coker unit operation the back warming valve is often left in a partially opened position. Because the back warming valve is left in a partially open position the internal components of the valves are exposed to the build up of oil, coke, and/or other debris. In some embodiments of the present invention the internal components of the bonnet prevent the build up of oil, coker, or debris inside the bonnet. Accordingly, because some of the embodiments of the present invention have particular design features the internal components of the valve system are not exposed to oil, coke, and/or other build up while the valve is maintained in a partially opened condition. For example, some embodiments of the present valve system utilize a steam purge system as previously discussed which creates a positive pressure inside of the bonnet forcing the content of a line to remain inline and prevent the content of the line from moving into the internal components of the valve.

There are additional mechanical features of some of the embodiments of the present invention which allow the valve to be maintained in a partially opened position without comprising the performance of the valve over extended periods of time. For example, in some embodiments the seat system maintains continuous contact with the gate of the present invention. The continuous contact in some embodiments, shears accumulated coke and/or other debris preventing the accumulated material from building up upon the valve itself and from falling into the various internal components of the valve system. Some embodiments of the present invention utilize a system, which is located inside the bonnet, which maintain contact with the gate of the valve while the gate moves through the open and closed positions. In some embodiments the bonnet, preferably the lower bonnet of the valve, contains one or more plates which opposably face each other and are biased against the surface of the gate present within the lower bonnet. In some embodiments springs coiled and biased against the lower bonnet lie between the bonnet and the plate. Accordingly, the spring system of some embodiments of the present invention press the plate located in the lower bonnet against the surface of the gate. The plate system located in the bonnet system prevents the movement of gases, fluids, or solid matter from the line into the bonnet. Accordingly, the plate system prevents the contents of the line from coming into contact with the internal elements of the gate system.

Turning to the Figures of the present invention and a more detailed analysis of some of the embodiments of the invention, FIG. 1 depicts, generally, a petroleum manufacturing and refinery process having several elements and systems present. In addition to these elements, petroleum manufacturing and refinery process 8 further comprises multiple isolation valve systems 10 in positions relative to first and second delayed coke drums 18 and 22, respectively. As mentioned, there are typically at least two coke drums in simultaneous operation so as to permit the ongoing manufacture and refinery of petroleum as well as its coke byproduct. While first coke drum 18 is online and being filled via feed inlet 26, second coke drum 22 is going through a decoking process to purge the manufactured coke contained therein. Lighter fractions, steam and gases are release from the online coke vessel through the vapor line 2 a and 2 b. Thereafter, when first coke drum 18 has reached capacity, feed inlet 26 is switched to second coke drum 22 that has just previously been purged of its contents, whereby first coke drum 18 is primed for the decoking process where its contents will be purged. This cyclical process, commonly referred to as batch-continuous, allows the refinery to maintain continuous uninterrupted operation. Although FIG. 1 is illustrative of a petroleum manufacturing and refinery process having two coke drums in series, and although the discussion and some embodiments illustrated, described, and discussed herein focus on line isolation systems, one ordinarily skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention may be applicable or adapted to a number of different processes in which a function similar to the coking process is present.

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary delayed coker unit operation, highlighting various lines utilized to convey matter, including gases, liquids and solids from one location to another throughout the delayed coker unit operation. In particular FIG. 2 illustrates some of the locations where the isolation valve of the present invention may be utilized. The isolation valve of the present invention may be connected to any line in the delayed coker operation. Examples of some embodiments of positions where the valves of the present invention may be utilized are cutting-water isolation valve 70, overhead vapor isolation valve 71A/71B, blowdown isolation valve 72A/72B, module isolation valve 79, back-warming isolation valve 80, fractionator isolation valve 81, drum bypass isolation valve 78, heater charge pump discharge isolation valve 82A/82B, inlet isolation valve 26, switch manifold isolation valve 73, pre-heat warm up isolation valve 74A/74B, quench water isolation valve 75, steam isolation valve 76, and drain-to-pit isolation valve 77A/77B.

FIG. 3 depicts an embodiment of the isolation valve system of the present invention. The depicted isolation valve system 10 comprises an isolation valve 14 that couples to a line. In some embodiments, the valve as depicted may be connected one or more of the above described positions in the delayed coker unit operation (see FIG. 2). For example, in some embodiments the isolation valve 14 couples to inlet resid feed line(s) 26 and/or the vapor line(s) 2 a and 2 b at a flanged port or opening.

The isolation valve depicted in FIGS. 3-6 is an embodiment of the isolation valve of the present invention, however it is intended that isolation valve 14 may comprise a variety of valve types, and a variety of different elements.

The means for supporting the valve closure 50 (e.g., the dual, metal seat surfaces in some embodiments), the bonnet interior 36, and all internal parts are fully protected and isolated from any matter flowing through a line while the valve is in the fully open, fully closed or partially opened positions. Preferably the materials used in the construction of sealing parts are resistant to corrosion, and are designed for exceptionally high metal to metal cycle duty. The seals of the isolation valve are designed to cleanly break the bond between the coke and the exposed surface of the valve closure at each stroke. The total thrust required for this action combined with the thrust required to overcome seating friction and inertia is carefully calculated and is accomplished by actuating the valve closure, thus causing it to relocate or transition from a closed to an open position.

FIGS. 3-6 illustrate various views of an isolation valve 14, according to one embodiment of the present invention. The depicted isolation valve 14 comprises a main body 16 coupled to upper and lower bonnets 30 and 34, each comprising upper and lower chambers 32 and 36, respectively. Main body 16 comprises a first flange portion 40 having an opening or port 42 therein, and a second flange portion 44 having an opening or port 46 therein. Main body 16 couples 26 to a complimentary flange portion and associated opening or port of a line 2, such that each opening is concentric and/or aligned with one another.

The depicted isolation valve 14 further comprises a valve closure in the form of a sliding blind or gate 4 having an aperture therein that is capable of aligning with openings 42 and 46 in an open position. Valve closure 4 slides back and forth in a linear, bi-directional manner between means for supporting a valve closure, shown in this exemplary embodiment as seat support system 50. Seat support system 50 may comprise any type of seating arrangement, including dual, independent seats, wherein the seats are both static, both floating and/or dynamic, or a combination of these. Seat support system 50 may alternatively comprise a single seat in support of valve closure 4, wherein the seat may comprise a static or floating or dynamic seat. In another exemplary embodiment, means for supporting a valve closure may dispense with a seating system in favor of a support system built into main body 16, such that one or more portions or components of main body 16 are selected and prepared to support valve closure 4. In some embodiments means for supporting a valve closure preferably comprises a metal contact surface that contacts and seals with a metal surface on valve closure 4, wherein this contact seal is maintained during the coke manufacturing process.

In some embodiments, valve closure 4 may be coupled to a drive shaft; preferably the valve closure 4 is coupled to clevis 6, which is in turn coupled to drive shaft 12. Drive shaft 12 is further coupled to actuating means that functions to power drive shaft 12 and cause valve closure 4 to oscillate between an open and closed position. Actuator means is preferably a hydraulically controlled power source contained within cylinder and that is capable of moving valve closure 4 through its linear, bi-directional cycle during a coking process, and specifically for the purpose of isolating the flow of fluids, gases and solids. In a closed position, valve closure 4 seals off the opening of a given line. Portions of gate 4 extend into upper chamber 32 in the closed position to allow the solid part of gate 4 to cover and close off the opening in the isolation valve. The contact seal created between the surface of valve closure 4 and means for supporting the valve closure (e.g., seat support system) is such that any accumulated coke on gate 4 is sheared off. Continued actuation causes valve closure 4 to relocate to a fully open position. In its fully open position, valve closure 4 is retracted into chamber 32, thus providing a clear flow path for the materials through a given line.

In one embodiment of the invention it is preferable that a continuous contact seal be created between valve closure 4 and means for supporting valve closure 50, such that during the back and forth sliding or rotation of valve closure 4 from an open position, to a semi-opened position, and finally to a closed position, with respect to the line, the created contact seal is never broken or breached, but its integrity is maintained at all times. This continuous contact seal is preferably a metal to metal contact seal that performs several functions and has several advantages. First, the contact seal creates, or at least contributes to, valve isolation, wherein an isolated environment is provided, such that no material is allowed to escape outside the sealed area and into the bonnets or other parts of the isolation valve, the area outside the isolation valve, or other areas. Various steam purge systems and containment systems also function to regulate pressure within the isolation valve, to contain the material within designated areas, and to maintain valve isolation. Second, the continuous contact seal helps to keep various components of the isolation valve clean and free of the product material as these materials are not allowed beyond the sealed area. Third, as a result of the load exerted upon valve closure 4 and resulting tight tolerances existing between valve closure 4 and upper and lower seats and the rotation of valve closure between upper and lower seats 50 causes a burnishing and polishing effect to occur.

In some embodiments, upper and lower seats 50, as well as valve closure 4 are made of metal, thus providing a metal to metal contact or metal to metal seal, or otherwise referred to as metal to metal seating of valve closure 4. The metal to metal seating increases the durability of the system as there are no non-metal parts, such as vinyl or rubber, used to seal the seats to valve closure 4. Metal to metal seating allows the system to achieve a higher consistency of sealing, while at the same time providing extended wear and durability. In addition, the metal to metal sealing allows the system, and specifically the sealing within the system, to be fine-tuned as needed.

Fourth, as the valve closure 4 is actuated and rotated from a closed position to an open position, the contact seal existing between the surface of valve closure 4 and the surface of means for supporting a valve closure functions to break up or shear the manufactured coke that has accumulated on or near the surface of valve closure 4. Other functions and advantages may be realized by one skilled in the art.

FIG. 4 depicts an isolation valve of the present invention in an open position. The elements of the isolation valve depicted in FIG. 4 are similar to those disclosed in FIG. 3. However, FIG. 4 demonstrates the valve closure when slid or rotated into a fully open position wherein the opening in the valve closure 4 is aligned with the opening in the first and second openings in the main body of the valve respectively 42 and 46.

FIG. 5 illustrates various elements of some embodiments of the isolation valve system of the present invention. FIG. 5 depicts the valve closure 4 in an open position. FIG. 5 depicts the slightly beveled end 98 of the valve closure system which inserts into the lower chamber 36 inside of the lower bonnet 34. The beveled edges 98 of the valve closure allow the valve closure to slide easily between two plates 52, 54. The two plates may be made from a variety of materials. In some embodiments, the two plates 52 and 54 are made from metal, and are preferably made from bronze or brass. The plates 52 and 54 are forced into contact with the valve closure 4. In some embodiments the plates 52 and 54 are forced into contact with the valve closure 4 by a spring actuated mechanism 56 which is loaded against the frame of the lower bonnet. In some embodiments the plates 52 and 54 are forced into contact with the valve closure 4 by a spring actuated mechanism 56 which is loaded against an internal shroud 100. In some embodiments the bonnet system comprising plates 52 and 54 provide a contact seal with the lower end of the valve closure, which prevent any gas or fluid materials from escaping into the lower bonnet of the valve closure system from the line. In some embodiments the first plate 52 and second plate 54 maintain a continuous seal with the valve closure 4 even when the valve closure is in a fully open position. That is in some embodiments a portion of the valve closure 4 remains inside of the lower bonnet as depicted in FIG. 5. It is also contemplated by the present invention that the plates 52 and 54 may also, or alternatively, be located in the chamber 35 located inside upper bonnet 33.

FIG. 6 illustrates various elements of the isolation valve system of the present invention. In particular FIG. 6 illustrates the first 53 and second 54 plate, relative to the valve closure 4 when the valve closure is in a closed position. Thus, FIG. 6 illustrates a valve closure 4, which has isolated or blocked the flow of any gas liquids and/or solids flowing through a line. FIG. 6 illustrates valve closure 4, a first plate 52, a second 54 and a spring actuated system 56. As illustrated, the opening in valve closure 4 is fully enclosed in the lower bonnet and is pressed between the upper plate 52 and the lower plate 54, thus maintaining an enclosed system which does not allow gas, liquids and/or solids to escape from the line into the bonnet.

FIGS. 5 and 6 additionally illustrate the relationship existing between the seat support system 50 which is comprised in some embodiments as depicted in the figures, of an upper seat 58 and a lower seat 60, the main body 16 of the isolation valve and the valve closure 4. As previously noted the seat system maintains contact with the valve closure 4 and prevents any gas, liquid and/or solid from moving into the upper or lower bonnet.

FIGS. 7A-I and 8A-E illustrate an embodiment of the method of removing internal components of the valve of the present invention The present inventions contemplates a simplified method for replacing the upper 58 and lower seats 60. As depicted in the figures of the present invention the method for replacing upper 58 and lower seats 60 comprises the steps of removing the attachment means 66 which attaches the upper bonnet 30 to the main body of the valve 16. Attachment means 66 are depicted as a nut and bolt system. While the nut and bolt system are a preferred embodiment, and thus depicted, it is contemplated by the invention that various attachment means may be utilized to couple the bonnets of the present invention to the main body. When the attachment means 66 have been removed, the upper bonnet 30 may be displaced or separated from the main body of the valve 16. When the upper bonnet 30 is separated from the main body of the valve 16, the upper and lower seats 58, 60 and gate 4 are exposed through an opening in the main body 16. Accordingly, in some embodiments the removal of the upper 30 or lower 34 bonnets allows the internal elements of the valve to be visually inspected by operators present in the area. Additionally, in some embodiments the removal of the upper 30 and the lower 34 bonnets allows a space through with various internal elements of the valve may be moved for the sake of repair, replacement or merely for inspection. In some embodiments the gate 4 may be removed through the space formerly occupied by the upper bonnet 30. In some embodiments the upper and lower seats 58, 60 may be removed one at a time and replaced by new seats through the space formerly occupied by the upper bonnet 30. Each of the seat types previously discussed are amenable to being removed from the valve through the space formerly occupied by the upper bonnet 30. Other elements contained within the valve system may likewise be inspected, repaired, removed and replaced through the opening created when the upper bonnet 30 is removed from being attached to the main body 16. In some embodiments of the present invention the main body of the valve 16 may remain coupled to a line and/or a vapor line while replacement of various parts is accomplished.

In some embodiments of the invention an extraction tool 90 is utilized in the method of removing internal elements of the valve. In some embodiments the seats 50 have a notch 91 to which a block 92 bolted. The extraction tool 90 interfaces with a slot 95 the block 92 which has been bolted to the seats 50. The extraction tool 90 is comprised of a wedge 93 and a threaded shaft 94. In some embodiments of the invention the extraction tool may further comprise a means for rotating the threaded shaft 96. In FIG. 7C the means for rotating the threaded shaft 96 is depicted as a six sided hex nut that could be rotated by a tool (e.g., a wrench) that would allow an operator to apply additional torque to the threaded shaft. In some embodiments of the invention the means for rotating the threaded shaft may be a handle coupled to the shaft (not depicted) or any other means of applying additional torque to the threaded shaft. The wedge 93 is operationally connected to or interacts with the block 92, which has been bolted to the seats such that when the threaded shaft 94 is turned in one direction the wedge 93 effectively dislodges the a seat 58, 60 from the main body of the valve 16, and if the threaded shaft 94 is turned in the opposite direction the wedge 93 helps to couple one or more seats 58, 60 to the main body 16 of the valve. Some embodiments of the valve may be assembled completely from the top. In some embodiments of the valve the extraction tool 90 remains in the valve without affecting the operation of the valve.

FIG. 8A illustrates a depiction of a cut away of a valve. As depicted in FIG. 8A when the threaded shaft 94 is turned in a clockwise direction the two wedges 93 depicted effectively move closer together. As the wedges 93 move closer together the wedged shaped surfaces of the wedge 93 interfaces with the slot 95 in the block 92 effectively moving the seats 58, 60 away from the blind and toward the main body 16 of the valve. Conversely, when the threaded shaft 94 is turned in a counter clockwise direction the two wedges 93 move apart. As the wedges 93 move apart, the wedged shaped surfaces of the wedges 93 interface the angled surface of the slot 95 in the block 92 moving the seats 58, 60 toward the blind 4 (or if the blind 4 has been removed into the space formerly occupied by the blind 4), and away from the main body 16 of the valve. It is contemplated by the present invention that the tool could be designed to be turned clockwise to move the seats 58, 60 toward the blind/space formerly occupied by the blind, and the tool could be designed to move the seats 58, 60 away from the blind 4 when turned in counterclockwise rotation.

The present invention contemplates the additional method of removing the lower bonnet 34 instead of the upper bonnet 30 as described above. Accordingly, the attachment means 66 which attach the lower bonnet 34 to the main body upper valve 16 may be removed and the lower bonnet slid away from the main valve body 16. In doing so, the elements of the valve system contained within the lower chamber 36 may be exposed for maintenance, repair or replacement. The present invention contemplates routine maintenance of the elements of the valve system. Accordingly, the methods disclosed above for maintaining, repairing or replacing various elements of the valve system leaving the main body of the valve couple to a line provides many benefits including the ability to safely and efficiently maintain the isolation valves of the present invention during prescheduled down times. The present invention contemplates benefits which include the ability to assess more accurately and rapidly, without the inconvenience of removing the valve from a line, detrimental effects caused by thermal transient stresses.

The present invention also contemplates a method for isolating the flow of a fluid, gas or solid in a line said method comprising the steps of: equipping a line with a isolation valve, said isolation valve coupled to said line and comprising: a main body having means for connecting said isolation valve to said line; a seat coupled to said main body; and a blind coupled to said main body and actuated by an actuator, said blind capable of moving in a substantially lateral bi-directional manner within said isolation valve adjacent to said seat to control the opening and closing of said isolation valve, said blind providing a seal between said seat and said blind; closing said blind and sealing said seat against said blind to seal said isolation valve blocking the flow of matter through the line; and opening said blind by actuating said blind and causing said blind to slide across said seat into an open position, allowing the flow of matter through the line.

In some embodiments of the invention the method of isolating the flow of matter in a line comprises the steps of: (a) equipping a line in the delayed coker unit operation with a isolation valve, the isolation valve being coupled to the line and itself comprising (1) a main body having an orifice dimensioned to align with said line when said isolation valve is coupled thereto; (2) a valve closure operably supported by said main body, said valve closure capable of being actuated to oscillate between an open and closed position with respect to said orifice and said port; (3) means for supporting said valve closure; (b) closing the valve closure, thus providing a contact seal between the valve closure and the means for supporting a valve closure; and (c) opening the line to allow matter to flow through the line by actuating the valve closure and causing it to move about the means for supporting a valve closure into an open position, the means for supporting a valve closure shearing any debris including coke and decoking by products from the blind and seats as the blind is displaced and thus effectively opening or re-opening the line. Be utilized on any line in a delay coker unit operation, and may additionally be utilized in other environments where selectively stopping the flow of matter through a line is desirable.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit of essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only al illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims, rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope 

1. An isolation valve system comprising: a first seat; a second seat aligned with said first seat, a blind; a main body having an orifice dimensioned to align with an orifice in a line; wherein said main body is coupled to said line; an upper and lower bonnet coupled to said main body, wherein said bonnets may be removed in order to replace valve parts without separating the main body from the line; and a plate located inside a bonnet, wherein the plate comprises a planar surface that contacts a surface of the blind.
 2. The isolation system of claim 1, further comprising means for monitoring and controlling the pressure existing within said isolation system.
 3. The isolation system of claim 1, further comprising metal to metal seating such that there is a metal to metal contact seal between said first seat, said second seat, and said blind.
 4. The isolation system of claim 1, wherein said blind is a biased, dual seated blind.
 5. The isolation system of claim 1, wherein at least one of said seats is a dynamic seat assembly further comprising a force transfer module in juxtaposition to said dynamic, live loaded seat for transferring a force from said live loaded seat adjustment mechanism to said dynamic, live loaded seat.
 6. The isolation system of claim 5, wherein said live loaded seat adjustment mechanism is comprised of: a force applicator having a portion thereof outside said isolation valve, such that an individual may adjust the force exerted on said blind by said dynamic, live loaded seat; a biased plunger coupled to said force applicator and applying a force from said force applicator to said force transfer module; a spring loaded assembly coupled to said pressure applicator and biasing said biased plunger; and a plurality of sealing members contained within said live loaded seat adjustment mechanism, wherein said force applicator applies a force to said force transfer module via said plunger, which subsequently forces said dynamic, live loaded seat against said blind, thus creating a seal between said blind and said seats.
 7. The isolation valve system of claim I, wherein said seats are static seats.
 8. The isolation system of claim 1, further comprising an actuator which moves the blind through a bidirectional motion.
 9. The isolation system of claim 8, where in said actuator is controlled from a remote location to increase safety.
 10. The isolation system of claim 8, wherein said actuator of said blind is selected from list comprising: a hydraulically controlled actuator; an electric actuator, a manual actuator; and a hydraulic actuator powered by electricity.
 11. The isolation system of claim 1, wherein at least one seat comprises a dynamic live loaded seat assembly comprising a plurality of dynamic, live loaded seats with corresponding live loaded seat adjustment mechanisms and opposing static seats, such that point to point adjustability and fine tuning of said live loaded seat assembly, as acting on said blind, is achieved.
 12. The isolation system of claim 1, further comprising: a second plate located inside the same bonnet as the first plate, where in the second plate comprises a planar surface that may contact another surface of the blind.
 13. The isolation system of claim 12, further comprising additional plates, where in the additional plates comprise a planar surface that may contact another surface of the blind.
 14. The isolation system of claim 1, wherein the contact between the planar surface of the plate and the blind prevents matter in the line from being released.
 15. The isolation system of claim 12, where in the contact between the planar surface of the plates and the blind prevent matter in the line from being released.
 16. The isolation system of claim 1, wherein said flange may be attached to said line and may remain attached to said line while other elements of the valve system are repaired or replaced.
 17. The isolation system of claim 1, further comprising an extraction system for extracting the seats through a space created when a bonnet is removed.
 18. The isolation system of claim 17, where in the extraction system is comprised of a notch in the seats; a block that bolts to the seat; and an extraction tool which interacts with the block which has been bolted to a seat to allow seat to be removed from the main body through a space created by a removed bonnet.
 19. The isolation system of claim 18, wherein the extraction tool comprises: a wedge connected to a threaded shaft.
 20. A method for isolating the flow of a fluid, gas or solid in a line said method comprising the steps of: equipping a line with an isolation valve, said isolation valve coupled to said line and comprising: a main body having means for connecting said isolation valve to said line; a seat; and a blind coupled to said main body and actuated by an actuator, said blind capable of moving in a substantially lateral bi-directional manner within said isolation valve adjacent to said seat to control the opening and closing of said isolation valve, said blind providing a seal between said seat and said blind; closing said blind and sealing said seat against said blind blocking the flow of matter through the line; and opening said blind causing said blind to slide across said seat into an open position, allowing the flow of matter through the line.
 21. The method of claim 20, wherein said isolation comprises isolating the flow of matter out of a coke drum.
 22. The method of claim 20, wherein said isolation comprises isolating the flow of matter into a coke drum.
 23. A method of replacing elements of an isolation valve comprising: attaching the main body of an isolation valve system to a line where in the isolation valve system comprises: a flange for attaching the valve to a line; a first seat; a second seat aligned with said first seat; a blind, said blind capable of moving in a bi-directional manner within said line between said first seat and said second seat to control the opening and closing of isolation valve; and an upper and lower bonnet coupled to opposing ends of said isolation valve; uncoupling one of the bonnets from the main body; allowing the main body of the valve system to remain attached to the line; inspecting the interior elements of the isolation valve system; removing an interior element of the isolation valve system; replacing the interior element of the isolation valve system; and coupling the uncoupled bonnet to the main body of the valve.
 24. The method of replacing elements of an isolation valve of claim 23, where in the step of removing an interior element of the isolation valve system further comprises an extraction system for extracting the seats through a space created when the bonnet is removed.
 25. The method of replacing elements of a isolation valve of claim 24, further comprises a notch in the seats; a block that bolts to the seat; and an extraction tool which interacts with the block which has been bolted to a seat to allow seat to be removed from the main body through a space created by a removed bonnet.
 26. The method of replacing elements of an isolation valve of claim 25, further comprising of a wedge connected to a threaded shaft. 